Vol. 2, 28 February 2023
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
In the 1970s, the international human rights entered its golden age. Latin America, as an area having experienced severe human rights violations during the military dictatorship, became the center of the international human rights movements. In the same period, China, ending the chaotic state of cultural revolution, also started its human rights discourse by beginning the open up reform. This paper aims to compare the human rights movements in China and Latin America by reading important primary sources of human rights movements and analyzing them. Unlike Latin American human rights, the Chinese human rights movements focus more on economic rights, emphasizing more on collective welfare instead of particular groups, and are propelled mainly by government.
international human rights, Chinese 1978 reform, economic rights, collective welfare
1. Samuel Moyn. (2012) The Last utopia: human rights in history. Harvard University Pres
2. Saito, Natsu Taylor. (2003) The Enduring Effect of the Chinese Exclusion Cases: The Plenary Power Justification for On-Going Abuses of Human Rights. Asian LJ 10.13.
3. Price, Richard. (2003) Transnational civil society and advocacy in world politics. World politics 55.4: 579-606
4. Wu, Chengqiu. (2010) Sovereignty, human rights, and responsibility: Changes in China’s response to international humanitarian crises. Journal of Chinese Political Science 15.1: 71-97
5. Ding, Daniel, and Malcolm Warner. China's labor-management system reforms: Breaking the “Three Old Irons”(1978–1999).
6. V. Chisikwadze, Ye Lukasheva,and Chen Shigui. (1989) The basic argument of socialism human rights. The research of the history of international communism movements 04:66-70.
7. Chinese Human Rights White Book (1991) http://www.humanrights.cn/html/2014/1_0827/1729.html
8. Chinese Human Rights White Book (1996)http://www.humanrights.cn/html/2014/1_0827/1731.html
9. Hagopian, Frances, and Scott P. Mainwaring, eds. (2005) The third wave of democratization in Latin America: advances and setbacks. Cambridge University Press.
10. Collins, Cath. (2010) Human rights trials in Chile during and after the “Pinochet Years”. International Journal of Transitional Justice 4.1: 67-86
11. Kelly, Patrick William. (2013) The 1973 Chilean coup and the origins of transnational human rights activism. Journal of Global History 8.1: 165-186.
12. Quigley, Thomas. (2002) The Chilean coup, the church and the human rights movement. America 186.4: 12-12.
13. Huneeus, Alexandra. (2010) Judging from a guilty conscience: The Chilean judiciary's human rights turn. Law & Social Inquiry 35.1: 99-135.
14. Lira, Elizabeth. (2017) The Chilean human rights archives and moral resistance to dictatorship. International Journal of Transitional Justice 11.2: 189-196.
15. Correa, Jorge S. (1991) Dealing with Past Human Rights Violence: The Chilean Case after Dictatorship. Notre Dame L. Rev. 67 (1991): 1455.
16. Lessa, Francesca, and Vincent Druliolle. (2011) The memory of state terrorism in the southern cone: Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. Springer Press.
17. Burt, Jo-Marie, Gabriela Fried Amilivia, and Francesca Lessa. (2013) Civil society and the resurgent struggle against impunity in Uruguay (1986–2012). International Journal of Transitional Justice 7.2: 306-327.
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Authors who publish this journal agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open Access Instruction).